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Subclade J2f1 is present at 2.5% in Serbs and Slavic Macedonians. I1b* (xM26) is at
29-32% in Serbs,
Macedonians and Croats, as low as 3% in Macedonian Roma and Kosovar Albanians, as high as 63% in Herzegovinians.
The R1a is the same in Macedonians and Serbs at 15% and close to Herzegovinians at 12%, notable gap between the Albanians (4%) and Croats (35%). Bosnian Serbs are closer to Bosniaks than to Croats, the J Haplogroup is 9% in Serbs and 12% in Bosniaks and almost non-existent among Croats. I-P37 is higher in Croats (71%) than in Serbs (31%) and Bosniaks (44%).[2] In Europe, the highest frequency of the E3b1-α cluster is among Kosovo Albanians (45.6%), Albanians (27.0%), and
Macedonians (24.1%). The frequency of this cluster among Serbs from S
erbia is 20.4%, and among Herzegovinians 8.5%.[3]
Y Chromosome HG2 is around 50% in Yugoslavs, Georgians, Ukrainians, with Turks and French at 25%. HG1 is at 10-15% in Serbs, Greeks, Cypriots, Belarusians, Ukrainians and in the Baltic peoples. HG3 is frequent in Central Europe but declines towards Eurasia, 15% in Serbs and Romanians, 8% in Greeks, 50% in Russians and 55% in Poles. HG9 is non-existent in Northern Europe, 10% in Czechs, Slovaks, Slovenes, Serbs, Portuguese, higher concentration in Italy, Greece, Turkey and Caucasus. HG21 is at 13% in Serbs, Italians and Portuguese, higher concentration in Greeks at 30% and as low as 4% in Ukrainians.[4]
Haplogroup I2, predominant in Western Balkans
The high frequencies of haplogroup I1b* (xM26) among Serbs and neighboring Slavic-speaking populations, the highest in Europe, testify to their common paternal lineage. Serbs have also a relatively high frequency of R1a. High frequencies of both I1b* (xM26) and R1a are characteristic for Slavic paternal gene pool. The main genetic heterogeneity among Serbs is observed in the frequencies of the E3b1-α cluster. The population of the Dinaric complex has a significantly lower frequency of that cluster than the population of the Morava-Danube river system. This is a result of the distribution of different pre-Slavic Balkan populations.[3]
The ethnic group closest to the Serbs genetically is the Macedonian Slavs.