Post by Hellenas on Jan 16, 2011 21:59:45 GMT -5
HELLAS.
The name Pelasgians (Greek: Πελασγοί, Pelasgoí, singular Πελασγός, Pelasgós) was used by some ancient Greek writers to refer to populations that was either the ancestors of the Greeks or who preceded the Greeks in Greece.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelasgians
Return of the Heracleidae:
The ancient tradition is that the descendants of Heracles (the Heracleidae), exiled after his death, returned after some generations in order to reclaim dominion their ancestor Heracles had held in the Peloponnesus. The Greece to which the traditions refer is the mythic one, now considered to be Mycenaean Greece. The theme of the "return of the Heracleidae" is considered legendary. The exact descent differs from one ancient author to another, the salient point being that in each case a traditional ruling clan traced its origin, thus its legitimacy, to Heracles.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorian_invasion#Return_of_the_Heracleidae
Minoans:
Most of the Early Minoan skulls belong to the Mediterranean type.
The facial features of the Cretans, if one discounts the conventions of the artists, were purely Mediterranean; the straight, prominent nose, with its high root, the smooth profile of the forehead, and the lightness of the mandible are all clearly shown.
The features of the happy and athletic people shown on the frescoes at Knossus, and the preoccupied frown of the snake goddess, are still familiar to us, for they reflect the common heritage of the Mediterranean race elsewhere.
In some sites, as at Hagios Nikolas and Patema, the population was exclusively Mediterranean.
At the time of the Dorian invasions, as today, the Cretans were still predominantly Mediterranean.
The present population of Crete belongs largely to a tall Mediterranean type, which may partially antedate the Dorian arrival.
Our data on which is based the assumption that all Cretans were of short stature are not numerous. The Philistines, presumably Cretan relatives in Palestine, are thought to have been tall, while some of the Mycenaeans in Greece were of large stature.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/05-03.htm
Bronze Age Greeks:
The one skull which is known is of normal Mediterranean racial type.
Thus, by 2000 B.C., there were, from the cultural standpoint, three elements in the Greek population: (a) local Neolithic Mediterranean; (b) Danubian from the north; (c) Cycladic people of eventual Asia Minor origin.
Six skulls from Hagias Kosmas near Athens represent the period of amalgamation of Neolithic Mediterranean, Danubian, and Cycladic elements, between 2500 and 2200 B.C. Three are dolichocephalic, one mesocephalic, and two brachyceplialic.
One may conclude that a Cretan type of Mediterranean and the Cypriote Dinaric form were both present.
Of the long-headed skulls, a large number belongs now to the larger, more heavily marked varieties, and fewer to the smaller Mediterranean.
In Argolis, the Mediterranean racial element is the only one clearly shown in six proto-geometric and “Hellenic” crania.
This mesocephaly probably conceals the presence of a varied racial amalgam, with Mediterranean strains predominant.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/05-04.htm
Modern Greeks:
The Greeks are as tall as most South Germans or northern Frenchmen; their stature is too elevated for the prevalence, in partial brachycephalization, of a strong, small Mediterranean strain.
there is also a linkage between tall stature, in the 170 cm. class, cephalic indices of about 80, straight noses, dark brown hair, and dark brown eyes. This last set of associations clearly denotes the presence of a strong Atlanto-Mediterranean element.
The Greeks, in short, are a blend of racial types, of which two are most important; the Atlanto-Mediterranean and the Alpine. Dinaricisrn here is present, but not all pervading; true Alpines are commoner than complete Dinarics.
The racial type to which Socrates belonged is today the most important, while the Atlanto-Mediterranean, prominent in Greece since the Bronze Age, is still a major factor.
The heads of the mesocephalic Cretans are as large as those of Nordics or Atlanto-Mediterraneans;
The living Cretans are for the most part Atlanto-Mediterraneans, and there has been no post-Dorian migration into the island which could have brought such a type in large numbers.
One may attribute much of the blondism, perhaps, to the invasion that brought the Sphakiots, while some of it must be inherent in the Atlanto-Mediterranean race.
The important discovery about Crete, however, is the fact that its population is mostly Atlanto-Mediterranean; this race seems to be almost equally important in most of Greece. It has also appeared in the Dinaric area, and in Serbia; we shall see more of it in the eastern Balkans.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-14.htm
A tall, dolichocephalic or mesocephalic type with dark hair and dark brown eyes, a straight nasal profile, and a tendency toward a lesser leptorrhiny than the total group. This is an Atlanto-Mediterranean racial type which is also prevalent in other Balkan countries. It may also be sorted out of available statistical series of Greeks, while it is common in Bulgaria and easily distinguishable among Serbs. It, or a similar type, also occurs with Dinarics in northern Italy and the Tyrol. In northern Albania it is commonest in Malsia Jakovλs and Dukagin.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-13.htm
The modern inhabitants of Greece itself differ surprisingly little from their classical predecessors.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/05-04.htm
It is inaccurate to say that the modern Greeks are different physically from the ancient Greeks; such a statement is based on an ignorance of the Greek ethnic character.
It is my personal reaction to the living Greeks that their continuity with their ancestors of the ancient world is remarkable, rather than the opposite.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-14.htm
J. Lawrence Angel noted that from the earliest times to the present racial continuity in Greece is striking.
Buxton who had earlier studied Greek skeletal material and measured modern Greeks, especially in Cyprus, finds that the modern Greeks possess physical characteristics not differing essentially from those of the former [ancient Greeks].
Finally, a more recent statistical comparison of ancient and modern Greek skulls resulted in the discovery of a remarkable similarity in craniofacial morphology between modern and ancient Greeks.
dienekes.110mb.com/articles/fallmerayer/
Poulianos’ conclusions of Greek continuity are not simply the wishful thinking of a modern Greek. In a critical review of his book , J. Lawrence Angel states that “Poulianos is correct in pointing out ... that there is complete continuity genetically from ancient to modern times.”[/u]
dienekes.110mb.com/articles/hellenes/
Arvanites anthropologically Hellenes.
In anthropological studies of Theodoros K. Pizziou, the Aegean population Arvanites are different morphologically and to their characters compared with the Albanians. It states: "The examination of these groups (Arvanitofonon), one in Messenia, one and two in Argolis Korinthia showed that in no way stand out from the total population of the Peloponnese or from neighboring groups. In any of the ninety maps features designed not resemble each other more than with their neighboring geographical groups. Also, the statistical dendrogrammata, simultaneous comparison of several features not arvanitofones groups separated from the rest of the Peloponnese. This research shows that the Arvanites were only Hellenes.
As you can see to this video, most of Arvanites are of Mediterranean racial stock.
www.an-attiki.gr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=787&Itemid=103
The Greek and Balkan Vlachs:
for bigger, more detailed image
www.amcopress.ro/images/he08.gif
Greek Vlach girls.
Foreigners designate Rumanians and Rumanian speakers by the term Vlach; the Vlachs are the Rumanian speakers to be found throughout southeastern Europe, whether living in Rumania, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania, Yugoslavia, or elsewhere.
Leaving the political boundaries of Rumania, we find two groups of Vlachs who have been the subjects of special study; those of Macedonia137 and of Istria.138> The Vlachs of Macedonia are the tallest of the many varied ethnic groups which compose that region, with a mean stature of 168 cm., and have the greatest absolute head length (188 mm.). They are low brachycephals, with a mean cephalic index of 83, are predominantly dark-haired and dark-eyed, and straight-nosed.
The Vlachs, a widespread and numerous people in southeastern Europe, are the descendants of Romanized aborigines, and of other peoples whom these latter have absorbed. They have no racial homogeneity, but vary regionally according to the races long seated in the regions where they live. In the northeast, where the Moldavian plain forms a continuation of the Black Earth region of southern Russia, the Neo-Danubian type of the Black Earth region is predominant;
In the southeast, where a local Atlanto-Mediterranean type is concentrated, the Vlachs tend to assume that form;
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-16.htm
The skin color of the Greeks.
Skin Color Map from Coon circa 1982. From "Racial Adaptations", 1982.
Carleton S. Coon
"About half of them have brunet-white or light brown skin color, the rest the usual pinkish-white of central and northern Europe;"
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-14.htm
The 25% of light brown skin color to the Greeks is not natural but an acquirement by the strong Greek sun. Light brown skinned Greeks mostly are sun-tanned/sun-burned.
Dr. Aris Poulianos.
"The 90% of the persons we studied have WHITE SKIN COLOR. Rarely someone meets dark skin color and even more rarely very dark skin color. Very light skin color is met more often than dark skin color."
"The origin of the Greeks", page 69, year 2001.
The name Pelasgians (Greek: Πελασγοί, Pelasgoí, singular Πελασγός, Pelasgós) was used by some ancient Greek writers to refer to populations that was either the ancestors of the Greeks or who preceded the Greeks in Greece.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelasgians
Return of the Heracleidae:
The ancient tradition is that the descendants of Heracles (the Heracleidae), exiled after his death, returned after some generations in order to reclaim dominion their ancestor Heracles had held in the Peloponnesus. The Greece to which the traditions refer is the mythic one, now considered to be Mycenaean Greece. The theme of the "return of the Heracleidae" is considered legendary. The exact descent differs from one ancient author to another, the salient point being that in each case a traditional ruling clan traced its origin, thus its legitimacy, to Heracles.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorian_invasion#Return_of_the_Heracleidae
Minoans:
Most of the Early Minoan skulls belong to the Mediterranean type.
The facial features of the Cretans, if one discounts the conventions of the artists, were purely Mediterranean; the straight, prominent nose, with its high root, the smooth profile of the forehead, and the lightness of the mandible are all clearly shown.
The features of the happy and athletic people shown on the frescoes at Knossus, and the preoccupied frown of the snake goddess, are still familiar to us, for they reflect the common heritage of the Mediterranean race elsewhere.
In some sites, as at Hagios Nikolas and Patema, the population was exclusively Mediterranean.
At the time of the Dorian invasions, as today, the Cretans were still predominantly Mediterranean.
The present population of Crete belongs largely to a tall Mediterranean type, which may partially antedate the Dorian arrival.
Our data on which is based the assumption that all Cretans were of short stature are not numerous. The Philistines, presumably Cretan relatives in Palestine, are thought to have been tall, while some of the Mycenaeans in Greece were of large stature.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/05-03.htm
Bronze Age Greeks:
The one skull which is known is of normal Mediterranean racial type.
Thus, by 2000 B.C., there were, from the cultural standpoint, three elements in the Greek population: (a) local Neolithic Mediterranean; (b) Danubian from the north; (c) Cycladic people of eventual Asia Minor origin.
Six skulls from Hagias Kosmas near Athens represent the period of amalgamation of Neolithic Mediterranean, Danubian, and Cycladic elements, between 2500 and 2200 B.C. Three are dolichocephalic, one mesocephalic, and two brachyceplialic.
One may conclude that a Cretan type of Mediterranean and the Cypriote Dinaric form were both present.
Of the long-headed skulls, a large number belongs now to the larger, more heavily marked varieties, and fewer to the smaller Mediterranean.
In Argolis, the Mediterranean racial element is the only one clearly shown in six proto-geometric and “Hellenic” crania.
This mesocephaly probably conceals the presence of a varied racial amalgam, with Mediterranean strains predominant.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/05-04.htm
Modern Greeks:
The Greeks are as tall as most South Germans or northern Frenchmen; their stature is too elevated for the prevalence, in partial brachycephalization, of a strong, small Mediterranean strain.
there is also a linkage between tall stature, in the 170 cm. class, cephalic indices of about 80, straight noses, dark brown hair, and dark brown eyes. This last set of associations clearly denotes the presence of a strong Atlanto-Mediterranean element.
The Greeks, in short, are a blend of racial types, of which two are most important; the Atlanto-Mediterranean and the Alpine. Dinaricisrn here is present, but not all pervading; true Alpines are commoner than complete Dinarics.
The racial type to which Socrates belonged is today the most important, while the Atlanto-Mediterranean, prominent in Greece since the Bronze Age, is still a major factor.
The heads of the mesocephalic Cretans are as large as those of Nordics or Atlanto-Mediterraneans;
The living Cretans are for the most part Atlanto-Mediterraneans, and there has been no post-Dorian migration into the island which could have brought such a type in large numbers.
One may attribute much of the blondism, perhaps, to the invasion that brought the Sphakiots, while some of it must be inherent in the Atlanto-Mediterranean race.
The important discovery about Crete, however, is the fact that its population is mostly Atlanto-Mediterranean; this race seems to be almost equally important in most of Greece. It has also appeared in the Dinaric area, and in Serbia; we shall see more of it in the eastern Balkans.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-14.htm
A tall, dolichocephalic or mesocephalic type with dark hair and dark brown eyes, a straight nasal profile, and a tendency toward a lesser leptorrhiny than the total group. This is an Atlanto-Mediterranean racial type which is also prevalent in other Balkan countries. It may also be sorted out of available statistical series of Greeks, while it is common in Bulgaria and easily distinguishable among Serbs. It, or a similar type, also occurs with Dinarics in northern Italy and the Tyrol. In northern Albania it is commonest in Malsia Jakovλs and Dukagin.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-13.htm
The modern inhabitants of Greece itself differ surprisingly little from their classical predecessors.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/05-04.htm
It is inaccurate to say that the modern Greeks are different physically from the ancient Greeks; such a statement is based on an ignorance of the Greek ethnic character.
It is my personal reaction to the living Greeks that their continuity with their ancestors of the ancient world is remarkable, rather than the opposite.
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-14.htm
J. Lawrence Angel noted that from the earliest times to the present racial continuity in Greece is striking.
Buxton who had earlier studied Greek skeletal material and measured modern Greeks, especially in Cyprus, finds that the modern Greeks possess physical characteristics not differing essentially from those of the former [ancient Greeks].
Finally, a more recent statistical comparison of ancient and modern Greek skulls resulted in the discovery of a remarkable similarity in craniofacial morphology between modern and ancient Greeks.
dienekes.110mb.com/articles/fallmerayer/
Poulianos’ conclusions of Greek continuity are not simply the wishful thinking of a modern Greek. In a critical review of his book , J. Lawrence Angel states that “Poulianos is correct in pointing out ... that there is complete continuity genetically from ancient to modern times.”[/u]
dienekes.110mb.com/articles/hellenes/
Arvanites anthropologically Hellenes.
In anthropological studies of Theodoros K. Pizziou, the Aegean population Arvanites are different morphologically and to their characters compared with the Albanians. It states: "The examination of these groups (Arvanitofonon), one in Messenia, one and two in Argolis Korinthia showed that in no way stand out from the total population of the Peloponnese or from neighboring groups. In any of the ninety maps features designed not resemble each other more than with their neighboring geographical groups. Also, the statistical dendrogrammata, simultaneous comparison of several features not arvanitofones groups separated from the rest of the Peloponnese. This research shows that the Arvanites were only Hellenes.
As you can see to this video, most of Arvanites are of Mediterranean racial stock.
www.an-attiki.gr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=787&Itemid=103
The Greek and Balkan Vlachs:
for bigger, more detailed image
www.amcopress.ro/images/he08.gif
Greek Vlach girls.
Foreigners designate Rumanians and Rumanian speakers by the term Vlach; the Vlachs are the Rumanian speakers to be found throughout southeastern Europe, whether living in Rumania, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania, Yugoslavia, or elsewhere.
Leaving the political boundaries of Rumania, we find two groups of Vlachs who have been the subjects of special study; those of Macedonia137 and of Istria.138> The Vlachs of Macedonia are the tallest of the many varied ethnic groups which compose that region, with a mean stature of 168 cm., and have the greatest absolute head length (188 mm.). They are low brachycephals, with a mean cephalic index of 83, are predominantly dark-haired and dark-eyed, and straight-nosed.
The Vlachs, a widespread and numerous people in southeastern Europe, are the descendants of Romanized aborigines, and of other peoples whom these latter have absorbed. They have no racial homogeneity, but vary regionally according to the races long seated in the regions where they live. In the northeast, where the Moldavian plain forms a continuation of the Black Earth region of southern Russia, the Neo-Danubian type of the Black Earth region is predominant;
In the southeast, where a local Atlanto-Mediterranean type is concentrated, the Vlachs tend to assume that form;
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-16.htm
The skin color of the Greeks.
Skin Color Map from Coon circa 1982. From "Racial Adaptations", 1982.
Carleton S. Coon
"About half of them have brunet-white or light brown skin color, the rest the usual pinkish-white of central and northern Europe;"
carnby.altervista.org/troe/12-14.htm
The 25% of light brown skin color to the Greeks is not natural but an acquirement by the strong Greek sun. Light brown skinned Greeks mostly are sun-tanned/sun-burned.
Dr. Aris Poulianos.
"The 90% of the persons we studied have WHITE SKIN COLOR. Rarely someone meets dark skin color and even more rarely very dark skin color. Very light skin color is met more often than dark skin color."
"The origin of the Greeks", page 69, year 2001.