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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 13, 2013 17:56:32 GMT -5
Nicholas II of Russia (May 18, 1868 – July 17, 1918) was the last crowned Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland. He ruled from 1894 until his forced abdication in 1917. It is said that Nicholas proved unequal to the combined tasks of managing a country in political turmoil and commanding its army in the largest international war to date. His rule ended with the Russian Revolution of 1917, after which he and his family were murdered by Bolsheviks. The murder of The Russian Imperial Family on July 17th 1918 was probably the greatest crime in world history second only to Jewry’s crucifixion of the Lord Jesus Christ nineteen hundred years before. The family of Tsar Nicholas II, his wife Alexandra, and his daughters, Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia, and his son and heir, Alexei, were pious Orthodox Christians. They exemplified all that is precious in a family – Christian piety and love for one’s neighbor. And they loved nothing more than going to Church. But world Jewry, despisers of Christian piety and the Christian monarchy, both financed and instigated the Bolshevik Revolution and the overthrow of the Tsar, and finally, his death and the murder of his entire family. From then on the world has witnessed and felt the decline and disintegration of the family - the core of an ethical and cohesive society. According to British historian Anthony Sutton, it was Wall Street Jewish Banker, Jacob Schiff of Kuhn Loeb Bank, who brought Leon Trotsky – born “Lev Bronstein” – to New York in February of 1916. Trotsky recruited Russian Jews from the immigrant population of the Lower East Side of Manhattan and trained them as armed revolutionaries. On March 27th 1917, Schiff sent Trotsky and his group of Jewish communists off to Russia to lead a Marxist Revolution with no less than $20 million dollars in gold, today worth billions. That same month, the Tsar was forced to abdicate…and along with his family was placed under house arrest in St Petersburg. In August of 1917, with the Bolsheviks rising to power, the hatred of Trotsky toward the Tsar reached a fevered pitch and the Imperial Family were moved far from the sympathetic sentiments of the Russian people to Tobolsk in Siberia. In the spring of 1918, the Tsar and his family were taken to Ekaterinburg in the Urals where the Jew Jacob Yurovsky, head of the local Cheka, was given the assignment to imprison, plan, and assassinate the Imperial Family. Yurovsky brought the Tsar and his family to a former house of a wealthy Jewish merchant named Ipatiev, now made into a prison for his captives. In prison for over two months, just before midnight on July 17th 1918, the Jew Yurovsky brought the Imperial Family to the basement. They were told that they were going to pose for a group picture. But, the Jewish assassins, Jacob Yurovsky, Nikulin, Pyotr Yermakov, Vaganov, were waiting. Yurovsky then pulled out his revolver and aimed it directly at the Tsar’s head and fired. Tsar Nicholas II died instantly. Next, he shot Tsarina Alexandra as she made the sign of the Cross. Olga, Tatiana, Maria, and Anastasia, were shot next.
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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 13, 2013 17:57:34 GMT -5
Major General, Count Arthur Cherep-Spiridovich was a Russian count who moved to the United States following the Jewish unsurpation of Russia. He was a Tsarist General, involved in Pan-Slavism and the White Russian Movement, while also including the promotion of Anglo-Latin-Slavic relations. He is renowed for his book titled; Secret World Government or The Hidden Hand. From SOVEREIGN ORDER OF SAINT JOHN OF JERUSALEM
Major General Arthur Cherep-Spiridovich, President of the Slavonic Society, was thereby one of the earliest members of any Intelligence Service to see the Protocols. He was given the mandate by the Russian Imperial family to investigate the matter and to spread the alarm about “the hidden hand” of international Zionism and its conspiracy to gain global control. He was made a Count of the Catholic Church by Pope Pius X about 1907. He was President of the Catholic Grand Priory of Russia, which he referred to as the Celtic-Latino-Slav League, and was one of the principal organizers of the American branch of the SOSJ [Sovereign Imperial Order of St. John of Jerusalem]. His patronesses, Czarina Alexandra and Grand Duchess Ella, were convinced of the authenticity of the international conspiracy and eventually both were murdered by the Bolsheviks in 1918. QUOTE; "Are we going to let our world be destroyed so as not to offend a tiny number of people who accuse us of anti-Semitism to cover up the crimes they are committing against us?"
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Post by Краљ Ватра on Dec 16, 2013 7:23:11 GMT -5
True Russian heroes are the ordinary Russian, who refuses to hate himself, despite the efforts of certain germano-jewish snakes. True Russian/Serbian/Slav heroes are all people with open minds and hearts. I guess that excludes Uz.
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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 16, 2013 13:58:34 GMT -5
True Russian heroes are the ordinary Russian, who refuses to hate himself, despite the efforts of certain germano-jewish snakes. True Russian/Serbian/Slav heroes are all people with open minds and hearts. I guess that excludes Uz. Be straight forward heavens sake stop dancing in circles. Are you saying this man was an Anti-Russian/Slav?
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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 16, 2013 15:06:05 GMT -5
Nikolai Nikolaevich Yuden, was a commander of the Russian Imperial Army during World War I. He was a leader of the anti-communist White movement in Northwestern Russia during the Civil War. Following the October Revolution, Yudenich went into hiding from the Bolsheviks, sheltered by a former sergeant of the Life Guards of Lithuania, who had served with Yudenich from his time in the Pamirs. He managed to escape to exile in Finland in January 1919. At Helsinki, Yudenich joined the "The Russian Committee", which had been established in November 1918 to oppose the Bolsheviks, and was proclaimed leader of the White movement in northwest Russia with dictatorial powers. In the spring of 1919 Yudenich visited Stockholm, where he met with diplomatic representatives of Great Britain, France and the United States, trying with limited success to obtain assistance in developing a Russian volunteer corps to fight the Bolsheviks. Pyotr Nikolayevich Krasnov, sometimes referred to in English as Peter Krasnov, was Lieutenant General of the Russian army when the revolution broke out in 1917, and one of the leaders of the counterrevolutionary White movement afterward. Krasnov fled to the Don region and in May 1918, in Novocherkassk, was elected Ataman of the Don Cossack Host. With support from Germany, he equipped the army, which would oust the Soviets from the Don region in May–June 1918. By the middle of June, a Don Army was in the field with 40,000 men, 56 guns and 179 machine-guns. In the second half of 1918, Krasnov advanced towards Povorino-Kamyshin-Tsaritsyn, intending to march on Moscow, but was defeated. After Germany's defeat in World War I, he set his sights on the Entente powers in his search for allies. On February 19, 1919, Krasnov retired from the military and went to Germany due to his frictions with the command of the Volunteer Army. In Germany, he continued his anti-Soviet activities. Krasnov was one of the founders of the Brotherhood of Russian Truth, an anti-communist organization with an underground network in Russia. Mikhail Vasiliyevich Alekseyev, was an Imperial Russian Army general during World War I and the Russian Civil War. Between 1915 and 1917 he was Chief of Staff to Tsar Nicholas II, and after the February Revolution, March–July 1917 the commander in chief of the Russian army. He later took charge of the Volunteer Army in the Russian Civil War and died in 1918 while fighting the Bolsheviks in the Volga region. Konstantin Mamontov, was a Russian military commander and famous general of the Don Cossacks, who fought in the White Army during the Russian Civil War. After the revolution and the collapse of the front General Mamontov and his men returned to their lands of the Don, the stanitsa Nizhne-Tchirskaia. Like most of the Cossacks he was an outspoken opponent of the Bolsheviks and joined at the first opportunity to form a partisan detachment with he rallied Novocherkassk crossing the Red lines. On February 12 he joined White Army a loose confederation of Anti-Communist forces in the Campaign of the steppe. From July 1918 to 23 February 1919 he was commander of the eastern front of the Don Region, then the First Don Army. In July 1919 he was entrusted with the command of newly formed special troops, the Fourth Cavalry Corps of the Don. During the march on Moscow, Mamontov and his men carried out in August 1919 a raid behind enemy lines to disrupt the rear of the Red Army. His goal was to support the attack by the forces of General Denikin in 1919, called 'The offensive of the armed forces of the south of Russia in 1919' in the historical literature, in the direction of Kursk and Voronezh. Mamontov’s troops consisted only of cavalry, which gave them a hand, a great mobility and enabled to daring raid-type operations. The greatest success of the Mamontov Corps was the capture of a number of cities in central Russia, including Tambov, Yelets and finally, together with the corps of General Shkuro a city of Voronezh. The thrust of the Mamontov Corps worried the Soviet military leadership because Voronezh was only a few hundred kilometers from Moscow. After the personal order of Lenin, they sent the best cavalry brigade of the Red Army under the leadership of Budyonny against Mamontov Corps, who succeeded in November 1919 after a very hard and bloody fighting in the Battle of Voronezh Kastorensk and in the Kharkov operations in end 1919. These two offensives were directly connected with the Orel-Kursk operation in 1919 and were part of a broad military action in the Red Army counter-offensive in the southern front. The failure of the Armed Forces of South Russia was crucial for the consolidation of the Bolshevik power and undermined the morale of the anti-Bolshevik forces. Mamontov was subsequently relieved of his command, but after a few days re-appointed to his post. Aleksandr Vasiliyevich Kolchak, was a Russian naval commander, polar explorer and later - Supreme ruler (head of all the counter-revolutionary anti-communist White forces during the Russian Civil War). Supreme ruler of Russia (1918–1920), was recognized in this position by all the heads of the White movement, "De jure" - Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, "De facto" - Entente States. He was also a prominent expert on naval mines and a member of the Russian Geographical Society. Among Kolchak's awards are the St. George Gold Sword for Bravery given for his actions in the battle of Port Arthur and the Great Gold Constantine Medal from the Russian Geographic Society. Soviet maps depicted Kolchak Island up until the mid-1930s. On April 11, 1919, the Kolchak's government adopted Regulation no. 428, “About the dangers of public order due to ties with the Bolshevik Revolt”. The legislation was published in the Omsk newspaper Omsk Gazette (no. 188 of 19 July 1919). It provided a term of five years of prison for “individuals considered a threat to the public order because of their ties in any way with the Bollshevik revolt.” In the case of unauthorized return from exile, there could be hard labor from 4 to 8 years. Articles 99-101 allowed the death penalty, forced labor and imprisonment, repression by military courts, and imposed no investigation commissions. Kolchak acknowledged all of Russia's debts, returned factories and plants to their owners, granted concessions to foreign investors, dispersed trade unions, persecuted Marxists, and disbanded the soviets. Kolchak's agrarian policy was directed toward restoring private land ownership. The former Tsarist laws were restored. There was brutal repression committed by Kolchak's regime: in Ekaterinburg alone the Great Soviet Encyclopedia alleges that more than 25,000 people were shot or tortured to death. In March 1919 Kolchak himself demanded one of his generals to "follow the example of the Japanese who, in the Amur region, had exterminated the local population."
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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 16, 2013 15:12:02 GMT -5
Mikhail Konstantinovich Diterikhs, was a general in the Imperial Russian Army and subsequently a key figure in the White movement in Siberia during the Russian Civil War, noted in particular for his monarchist and anti-Semitic views. Diterikhs was born to a father of Czech ancestry who served a general of the Russian Imperial Army in the Caucasus and a Russian noblewoman. In 1900, Diterikhs graduated from the Page Corps and was assigned a post in the Life Guards 2nd Artillery Brigade. In 1900, he graduated from the Nikolaevsky Military Academy in St. Petersburg. From 1900 to 1903 he served in various the staff positions in the Moscow Military District. In 1903 he was appointed commander of the squadron in the 3rd Dragoon Regiment. After the February Revolution, Diterikhs was recalled to Russia. In August 1917 the Russian Provisional Government offered Diterikhs the position of Minister of War, which he refused. By November 3, 1917, Diterikhs was promoted to the chief of staff of the Russian army's headquarters, but managed to escape arrest during the Bolshevik revolution. Diterikhs escaped to Kiev, then made his way to Siberia where the Czechoslovak Legions asked him to become their staff of staff. He helped the Czech Legion to organize their first resistance in May 1918, and commanded their Irkutsk-Chita-Vladivostok armed group. From January to July 1919 Diterikhs personally supervised the Sokolov's investigation of the murder of Tsar Nicholas II. He later published a book on the subject when already living abroad titled The Murder of the Royal Family and members of the House of Romanoffs in the Urals (Убийство Царской семьи и членов Дома Романовых на Урале), in which he claimed that the execution of the Romanoffs was a ritual murder.
In July 1919 Diterikhs took command of the Siberian Army of Admiral Kolchak. He assisted in creation of various paramilitary militias in support of the White movement and the Russian Orthodox Church against the Bolsheviks. In September 1919 he commanded Admiral Kolchak’s last successful offensive against the Red Army, the Toblsk Operation.
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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 16, 2013 15:14:56 GMT -5
The song was composed in 1912, as Russia was awash in rumors about the impending new Balkan War, in which the Serbs would be pitted against the Ottoman Turks, and Orthodox Christianity against Islam.
The melody gained popularity in Russia and adjoining countries during the World War I, when the Russian soldiers left their homes accompanied by this music. It was also used as an unofficial anthem of Admiral Kolchak's White Army.
The word "Slavic" in the title of the march, which otherwise invokes only Russia, is a tribute as much to the pan-Slavist ideology of the preceding century as to its transformation into Russian nationalism on the eve of WWI.
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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 27, 2013 16:35:44 GMT -5
The Russian Corps
The Russian Corps was an armed force composed of anti-Communist Russian émigrés in the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia[1] during World War II. Commanded by Lieutenant-General Boris Shteifon, it served primarily as a guard force from the autumn of 1941 until the spring of 1944. It was incorporated into the Wehrmacht on 1 December 1942 and later clashed with both the Yugoslav Partisans and the Chetniks. In late 1944 it fought against the Red Army during the Belgrade Offensive, later withdrawing to Bosnia and Slovenia when the Germans withdrew from the Balkans. Shteifon was killed in April 1945 and was replaced by Colonel Anatoly Rogozhin, who subsequently managed to evade the Communists by surrendering to the British instead. He and his men were eventually set free and were allowed to resettle in the West.
Although its aim was to fight Communist forces in the Soviet Union, the Russian Corps, when engaged in combat, was used almost exclusively to fight the Yugoslav Partisans in areas of occupied Yugoslavia. Composed of one cavalry regiment and four infantry regiments, it was reinforced with younger émigrés and former Soviet prisoners of war and was armed by the Germans with weapons captured from the Royal Yugoslav Army. Its command language was Russian.
The Corps grew in numbers throughout 1942, following an i nflux of volunteers from Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania and Greece. During this time, i t maintained good relations with the Nedić administration. While guarding facilities, members of the Corps were largely assigned to manning brick bunkers, protecting the railway in the Ibar River valley, the Bor, Trepča, Majdanpek, and Krupanj mines, as well as Serbian borders along the Danube and Drina rivers while deployed together with various Serbian collaborationist factions such as the Serbian Volunteer Guard (SDS) and the Serbian Volunteer Corps (SDK), with whom they were most closely allied. -- Wikipedia has censored much and added their own taste of fantasy. On Wikipedia, they claim this Russian Corps "plundered Serbian villages with the Ustase", this is absolute nonsense. The whole purpose of this corps and why they even came to Belgrade was to defend Slavic interests in what was to become the New World, since Russia was already broken-down as a vehicle, Serbia was their last hope. Their main focus was uniting with anti-Communist Serbs, while combating the British-influenced/managed Chetniks and Partizans. They stood by Orthodoxy, Autocracy and Slavism, meanwhile Communist Yugoslavia would label these men as butchers - when it was indeed the Soviets who drove into Belgrade like animals performing a classic liberation act, we often still see today.
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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 27, 2013 17:01:57 GMT -5
White émigré
A white émigré was a Russian who emigrated from Russia in the wake of the Russian Revolution and Russian Civil War, and who was in opposition to the contemporary Russian political climate. "White émigré" is a political term mostly used in France, the United States, and the UK. A less politically oriented term used in the same countries by the immigrants themselves and by the native population is First wave émigré (Эмигрант первой волны). In the USSR in 1920s–1980s the term White émigré (Белоэмигрант) generally had negative connotations. Since the end of the 1980s the term "first wave émigré" has become more common in Russia.
Many white émigrés were participants in the White movement or supported it, although the term is often broadly applied to anyone who may have left the country due to the change in regimes (some of them, like Mensheviks and Socialist-Revolutionaries, were opposed to the Bolsheviks but had not supported the White movement; some were just apolitical), as well as to the descendants of those who left and still retain a Russian Orthodox Christian identity while living abroad. The term "white émigrés" (белоэмигранты, белая эмиграция) was much more often used in the Soviet Union, where it had a strong negative connotation, than by the émigrés themselves, w ho preferred to call themselves simply "Russian émigrés" (русская эмиграцiя) or "Russian military émigrés"(русская военная эмиграцiя) if they participated in the White movement. Most white émigrés left Russia from 1917 to 1920 (estimates vary between 900,000 and 2 million), although some managed to leave during the twenties and thirties or were exiled by the Soviet Government (such as, for example, philosopher Ivan Ilyin). They spanned all classes and included military soldiers and officers, Cossacks, intellectuals of various professions, dispossessed businessmen and landowners, as well as officials of the Russian Imperial Government and various anti-Bolshevik governments of the Russian Civil War period. They were not only ethnic Russians but belonged to other ethnic groups as well.
Most émigrés initially fled from Southern Russia and Ukraine to Turkey and then moved to eastern European Slavic countries, such as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. A large number also fled to Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Persia, Germany and France. Berlin and Paris developed thriving émigré communities. Many military and civil officers living, stationed, or fighting the Red Army across Siberia and the Russian Far East moved together with their families to Harbin, Shanghai and other cities of China, Central Asia, and Western China. After the withdrawal of US and Japanese troops from Siberia, some émigrés traveled to Japan. Many White émigrés in Asia met a tragic fate at the hands of the local Japanese Secret Service under Kenji Doihara as part of his machinations in China. During and after World War II many Russian émigrés moved to the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, and Australia - where many of their communities still exist in the 21st century. White émigrés were generally speaking anticommunist and did not consider the Soviet Union and its legacy to be Russian at its core, a position which was reflective of their Russian Nationalist sympathies; they did not tend to recognise the demands of Ukrainian, Georgia and other minority groups for self-determination but hankered for the resurrection of the Russian Empire. They consider the period of 1917 to 1991 to have been a period of occupation by the Soviet regime which was internationalist and anti-Christian. They used the tsarist tricolour (white-blue-red) as their national flag, for example, and some organizations used the flag of the Imperial Russian Navy. Many white émigrés believed that their mission was to preserve the pre-revolutionary Russian culture and way of life while living abroad, in order to return this influence to Russian culture after the fall of the USSR. Many symbols of the White emigres were reintroduced as symbols of the post-Soviet Russia, such as the Byzantine eagle and the Russian tricolour. A religious mission to the outside world was another concept promoted by people such as Bishop John of Shanghai and San Francisco (canonized as a saint of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad) who said at the 1938 All-Diaspora Council: "To the Russians abroad it has been granted to shine in the whole world with the light of Orthodoxy, so that other peoples, seeing their good deeds, might glorify our Father Who is in Heaven, and thus obtain salvation for themselves." Many white émigrés also believed it was their duty to remain active in combat against the Soviet Union, with the hopes of "liberating" Russia. This ideology was largely inspired by General Pyotr Wrangel, who said upon the White army's defeat "The battle for Russia has not ceased, it has merely taken on new forms". White army veteran Captain Vasili Orekhov, publisher of the "Sentry" journal, encapsulated this idea of responsibility with the following words: "There will be an hour - believe it - there will be, when the liberated Russia will ask each of us: "What have you done to accelerate my rebirth." Let us earn the right not to blush, but be proud of our existence abroad. As being temporarily deprived of our Motherland let us save in our ranks not only faith in her, but an unbending desire towards feats, sacrifice, and the establishment of a united friendly family of those who did not let down their hands in the fight for her liberation"
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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 27, 2013 17:26:46 GMT -5
Black Hundred
The Black hundred was a counter-revolutionary movement in Russia in the early 20th century. The group strongly supported their monarch, the Tsar, the Russian Orthodox Church, and were strongly opposed to separatism and subversive attempts by Judeo-Bolsheviks to destroy the Russian people. Supporters and members of the Black Hundreds marching during the 1905 Russian Revolution.
A Black Hundred procession, 1907
Black Hundreds demonstration in St. Petersburg
"Svyashchennaya druzhina" (The Holy Brigade) and "Russkoye sobraniye" (Russian Assembly) in St. Petersburg are considered to be predecessors of the Black Hundred. Starting in 1900, the two organizations united representatives of conservative intellectuals, government officials, clergy and landowners. Members of these organizations came from all different social strata of the Russian nation, including landowners, clergymen, high and petty bourgeoisie, workers, merchants, artisans, and declassed elements. The United Gentry Council) guided the activities of the black-hundredists. The tsarist governance provided moral and financial support to the movement . The Black Hundreds were founded on a devotion to Tsar, church and motherland, expressed by the tsar's motto, Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and National Character (Pravoslavie, Samoderzhavie i Narodnost). Despite certain program differences, all of the black-hundredist organizations had one goal in common, namely their struggle against the Judeo-Bolshevik movement. The black-hundredists conducted motivational speeches in churches by holding special services, during meetings, lectures and demonstrations. These speeches defied the Jewish supremacists who were attempting to put the Bolshevik yoke onto the neck of the Russian people and monarchic "exaltation". Sometimes the Black Hundreds' paramilitary wing, the Yellow Shirts, partipated in direct action against confirmed subversives who were trying to destroy Mother Russia. Tsar Nikolai meeting with members of the Black Hundreds
The Black Hundred movement published newspapers, such as Znamya (The Banner) or Russkoye znamya (Russian Banner), Pochayevsky listok (The Pochayev Page), Zemschina, Kolokol (Bell), Groza (Thunderstorm), Veche and other. Numerous independent newspapers, such as Moskovskiye vedomosti (Moscow News), Grazhdanin (Citizen) and Kievlyanin (Kievan), published their materials as well. Among the prominent leaders of the Black Hundred movement were Alexander Dubrovin, Vladimir Purishkevich, Nikolai Markov, Pavel Bulatzel, Ivan Vostorgov, A. I. Trischatiy, Sergei Trufanov, M. K. Shakhovskoy and others.
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Post by Balkaneros on Dec 27, 2013 17:47:11 GMT -5
The White Russian ArmyThe White Russian Movement, whose military arm is known as the White Army (Белая Армия) or White Guard (Белая Гвардия, белогвардейцы) and whose members are known as Whites (Белые, or the derogatory Беляки) or White Russians (a term that has other meanings) comprised some of the Russian forces, both political and military, which opposed the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution and fought against the Red Army during the Russian Civil War from 1918 to 1921. The designation White has several interpretations. First, it stood in contradistinction to the Reds—the revolutionary Red Army who supported the soviets and Communism. Second, the word "white" had monarchist associations: historically the first monarch of unified Russia, Ivan III, was styled "Albus Rex", or "white king".
A group of White Russian fighters
Strictly speaking, no monolithic "White Army" existed; lacking central coordination, the White forces were never more than a loose confederation of counter-revolutionary forces. Besides considering themselves anti-Bolshevik Russian patriots, most White Army officers did not have a clearly articulated ideological vision. Among White Army leaders, neither General Kornilov nor General Denikin were monarchists. On the other hand, General Wrangel did have monarchist sympathies, but, as he made it clear, was willing to serve under a non-Bolshevik democratically elected Russian government. In any event, although many of its officers held monarchist ideas, it is inaccurate to state, as it is done sometimes, that the White Army was a monarchist army. It can be said, however, that the White Army as a whole generally believed in a united multinational Russia (being opposed to separatists who wanted to create nation-states in the place of the old Russian Empire).
Some leaders of the White movement, particularly General Wrangel, formulated political concepts based on Russian traditionalism that were taken up and developed in emigre circles after the end of the Civil War by Russian thinkers such as Ivan Ilyin, who had many philosophical similarities with the Slavophiles. This became known as the "White Idea". It has been argued that the "White Idea" was in fact developed after the war, or simply was formulated after the war in a more doctrinal format. Not all White Army veterans were sympathetic to it, although virtually all organized veterans were (i.e. , the Russian All-Military Union). The Russian Civil War between Whites and Reds raged from November of 1917 until 1921, with isolated pockets of resistance continuing in the Far East until 1923. The White Army, with the occasional aid of Allied (and sometimes, Central powers) forces from outside Russia (Japanese, British, Canadian, French, American, German, Australian (including two who received the Victoria Cross for their actions against the Red Army), Greek, Czechoslovak) held sway in some areas (especially Siberia, Ukraine and the Crimea) for periods of time and put considerable bodies of troops into the field. But they failed to unite or to co-operate effectively amongst themselves, and the Bolshevik Red Army eventually gained the upper hand. Considerable numbers of anti-Soviet Russians clustered in Belgrade, Berlin, Paris, Harbin, Istanbul, and Shanghai, setting up military and cultural networks, which lasted through World War II (for example, the Russian community in Harbin and Russian community in Shanghai). Thereafter White Russian activity found a new principal home in the United States. In the 1920's and 30's, several White organizations were formed outside Russia with the intention of overthrowing the Soviet government through guerrilla warfare. These included the Russian All-Military Union, the Brotherhood of Russian Truth, and the National Alliance of Russian Solidarists. Russian cadet corps were founded in several countries in order to prepare the next generation for the "spring campaign" (a term coined by white emigres meaning a hoped-for renewal of their campaign against the Bolsheviks). A significant number of these cadets volunteered for service in the Russian Corps during World War II, when many white Russians desired to participate in the Russian Liberation Movement. Soviet historiography has tended to paint the Civil War as primarily a war of foreign intervention. White generals were stereotyped as monarchists who were bankrolled by foreign governments and business tycoons, wealthy Russian land owners, and the Russian Orthodox Church. The White army was portrayed as an army formed of people from the upper classes (the nobility) as well as forced peasant conscripts.
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Post by Balkaneros on May 4, 2014 12:59:36 GMT -5
Cleaned.
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Post by Jon Do on Sept 25, 2015 17:48:46 GMT -5
BUMP !
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